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torcida organizada
Torcidas organizadas are formal (or informal) associations of football fans in Brazil in the same vein as Americas ''Barra brava'' and European ''ultras''. The name is based on the verb ''torcer'', which means "to root for" but also "to wring" and "to turn". The supposition is that the behaviour of the fans present at the stadium could help the team gather strength to beat the opponent.
==Beginnings in Brazil==
In the beginning 1940s, and until the 1960s, ''torcidas organizadas'' were informal associations of fans who gathered to buy fireworks, cloth for large flags, and other stuff to be used during celebrations. Later, such associations became permanent and were formalised legally as non-profit recreational associations, still with the primary goal of providing a better spectacle at the stadium and surroundings. Some of the noteworthy ''torcidas organizadas'' from this time were ''Torcida Jovem Fla'' and ''Raça Rubro-Negra'' (Flamengo), ''Gaviões da Fiel'' (Corinthians), ''Torcida Independente'' and ''Dragões da Real'' (São Paulo FC), ''Mancha Verde'' (Palmeiras), ''Força Jovem Vasco'' (Vasco da Gama), ''Máfia Azul'' (Cruzeiro), ''Galoucura'' (Atlético Mineiro), ''Torcida Jovem do Santos'' (Santos FC, ''Young Flu'' (Fluminense), ''Fúria Jovem do Botafogo'' (Botafogo), ''Bamor'' (Esporte Clube Bahia), ''Torcida Jovem do Sport'' (Sport Club do Recife), ''Os Imbatíveis'' (Esporte Clube Vitória), ''Inferno Coral'' (Santa Cruz Futebol Clube), ''Os Fanáticos'' (Clube Atlético Paranaense) ''Império Alviverde'' (Coritiba Foot Ball Club) and ''Garra Alvinegra'' (ABC Futebol Clube). In the beginning the ''torcida organizada'' movement was fragmentary, but would later consolidate into larger bodies or leagues. Some torcidas would open branches throughout the country to support their teams playing away, given the national range of their supporters.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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